![]() ![]() Normality of error (disturbance) term is a basic assumption for many statistical procedures…. In this post we will learn about Normality Test for the Error term using (1) Anderson-Darling Test and (2) Shapiro-Wilk test. Q1: What is a standard normal variable? Ans: The variable $Z=\frac$ which measures the deviations of variable $X$ from the… Normality Test for the Error Term The following post is about Short Questions related to Normal and Standard Normal Distribution. Short Questions: Normal and Standard Normal Distribution To plot a scatter plot one can use the plot function. For qualitative variables, the summary( ) function will provide the frequency of each group. summary(Duncan)įor quantitative variables, the summary( ) function will provide five-number summary statistics with the mean value. It will help to understand the structure of the dataset. The head( ) function will display the top six observations with their variable names in table type format. Let us make some functions on this dataset. After attaching the Duncan dataset one can access the variable say education instead of writing Duncan$education. The attach( ) function makes accessible each variable without writing the variable name with the respective dataset name. Note your system should be connected to the internet. If the car package is not installed on your system, you can install using the following command. Note that the car package must be installed to make use of the Duncan dataset. To use Duncan data, first, you have to load the car package. For example, the car package contains a Duncan dataset that can be used for learning and implementing different R functions. Here we will discuss how to read data from the R library. ![]()
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